Vocabulary

Sort out the words into two columns – international words and "false friends". HELP
effect population fiction theory novel cannon acceleration centrifuge technique propel control gyroscope asteroid mass civilization calculation galaxy scheme tank accurate
International
False friends
 
    
►
Match the term with its definition.
  1. 
increase of speed or velocity
  2. 
a state in which an object in space is unaffected by gravitational attraction
  3. 
an apparatus capable of maintaining absolute direction in space in spite of movements of the mountings and surrounding parts
  4. 
the area beyond the atmosphere of the earth
  5. 
the act or process of burning
  6. 
a substance, usually a mixture of fuel and oxidizer, for moving a rocket
  7. 
revenue-producing or useful cargo carried by a spacecraft
  8. 
a sealed and pressurized clothing designed to allow the wearer to leave the cabin in outer space
  9. 
the study or practice of all aspects of flight through the air
 10. 
an apparatus or machine for raising, driving, exhausting or compressing fluids or gases
    
►
◄
Match the words from A with the words from B as they were used in the text.

A

B

cigar-shaped
space
visionary
to spread
force
self-directed
levels of
to mine
orbital
mathematical
rocket
rocket-powered
to settle
solar
pressurized
orbital
multistage
cryogenic
asteroids settlement spaceship across the universe greenhouse rocket propellant study thinker travel suit spaceflight of acceleration propellant the universe gravity radiation relation
 
    
Use expressions from the previous exercise to fill in the gaps in the sentences below.
a)
A plan was announced by billionaire entrepreneurs to    for their resources.
b)
The mass resists the    and thereby causes a deflection or a physical displacement.
c)
The Acta Astronautica paper looks at just how far and wide a civilization like humanity could theoretically  .
d)
The spectrum of    is close to that of a black body with a temperature of about 5,800 K.
e)
In a    the fuel and the oxidizer are in the form of very cold, liquefied gases.
f)
A    is, in general, a relationship between sets of numbers or sets of elements.
g)
Unlike schools, which give set tasks and homework assignments, universities often rely on students to fortify their knowledge themselves, through  .
h)
This    will most likely fly higher because it's very aerodynamic.
i)
Gary Chapman was a    on the impact of technology and computers on society who helped shape the study of the field as it became a force in modern life.
j)
A metallic asteroid can be easily processed into a steel shell of an  .
k)
A    and a helmet refer to the personal life support system.
l)
Humans are meant to exist and meant    once they have learned how to work with, rather than to compete against.
m)
Transportation for millions of tons of materials from the Moon and asteroids to    construction sites poses a serious problem.
n)
  will play a major role in the evolution and expansion of humanity throughout the known universe.
o)
Tsiolkovsky laid the foundations of the theory of interplanetary communications, elaborated the theory of rocket flight and proposed to use a    which consists of a number of connected rockets with propellant.
    
►
◄
Solve the anagrams using the following transcriptions:
ropeein[ˏpaɪəʹnɪə(r)]
nigta[ʹdʒaɪənt]
ittrsh[θɜ:st]
gfcnteruei[ʹsentrɪfjυ:dʒ]
tcceenlaaior[əkˏseləʹreɪʃ(ə)n]
oiachclspm[əʹkʌmplɪʃ]
ieehtlwegssnss[ʹweɪtləsnəs]
ropplionus[prəʹpʌlʃ(ə)n]
tehsuxa[ɪgʹzɔ:st]
ygeonx[ʹɔksidʒən]
ohedgrny[ʹhaɪdrədʒ(ə)n]
sspeeurirz[ʹpreʃəraɪz]
combustionkəmʹbʌstʃ(ə)n]
tiyrriop[praɪʹɔritɪ]
    
►
◄
Look back in the text and find words that have a similar meaning to the words and phrases below. Write them opposite to each word.
1.investigationpara 1
2.missile engineeringpara 1
3.expelledpara 2
4.predecessorspara 3
5.coevalspara 4
6.askedpara 4
7.independentpara 5
8.official documentpara 5
9.rotating machinepara 5
10.characteristicspara 6
11.mankindpara 6
12.astrovehiclepara 7
13.empty spacepara 7
14.minor planetspara 8
15.amazepara 9
16.basispara 9
17.mixturepara 10
18.accomplishmentspara 10
19.ideaspara 11
20.involvedpara 12
21.providepara 12
22.forecastpara 12
23.droppedpara 13
24.effectpara 15
25.honorpara 16
    
►
◄
Complete the following sentences with the prepositions if necessary.
a)
Tsiolkovsky is the solitary genius who laid    the principles of space travel.
b)
He developed insights    space travel and rocket science.
c)
Theory of "cosmism" had a profound effect    young Kostya.
d)
These were the ideas that awakened Tsiolkovsky’s interest    reaching outer space.
e)
Tsiolkovsky did more than simply marvel    Verne’s descriptions of fantastic journeys.
f)
He questioned    their practicality.
g)
Tsiolkovsky experimented    physical processes, particularly the properties of gases.
h)
Tsiolkovsky made the first attempt to describe the meaning of the cosmos    humanity.
i)
He started    a work of science fiction.
j)
For decades afterward the work would stun readers    the completeness and level of detail with which Tsiolkovsky designed his spaceship.
k)
Tsiolkovsky fueled his theoretical engine    a mix of liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen.
l)
The same combination is used today    the space shuttle, and still considered the most efficient of chemical rocket propellants.
m)
Tsiolkovsky arrived    the combination with little hope of testing his theory.
n)
His discoveries stemmed    a thorough grounding in physics and mathematics.
o)
He was aware    the latest achievements in technology.
p)
He had an extraordinary gift    prediction.
q)
Hermann Oberth published his key proposals    rocket-powered spaceflight in 1923.
r)
Tsiolkovsky deeply cared    his priority in the field.
s)
He predicted the need    spacefarers to use pressurized suits when leaving the spacecraft.
t)
According    Tsiolkovsky, humans would colonize the asteroid belt, the solar system, and ultimately the galaxy.
u)
The first cosmonauts were amazed    Tsiolkovsky’s accurate descriptions of weightlessness.
v)
He consequently revised his estimates of how soon humanity would enter    space.
    
◄